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487 55 8116:11075GHD→PC 30. What docs the underlined word “impromptu" mcan in paragraph 4?A.Struchured.B. Informal.C. Dctailed.D. Unprepared.31. What is Elpidorou's atitude towards the results of boredom research?A.Appreciative.B.Objective.C. Tolerant.D. Dismissive.DWildchimpanzeessecmtolcarm skillsfromcachothcrandthcrmprove on those techniques from one generation to the next.In particular, young females that migrate (迁) between groups bring their cultural knowledgewith them, and groups can combine new techniques with existing oncs to get bettr at searchingfor food. Such “cumulative culture" means some chimpanzee communities are bcoming moretechnologically advancedalthough very, very slowly.“If chimpanzees have some culturalu s sd o p o om , am epmosame way we pass on thc gencs (基因)” says Andrew Whiten at the Urmivsrstry of St Andrews. “Andthen that culture builds up."Scicntists kewchimpanzcs used tools and passd ontenowlcdgc,but thcirlackof signifcatinnovation compared to humans puzzled researchtis. Cassandra Gunaskaram at thc Univcrsity ofsewy no os o zznd o o sseue ui dde o qe qyu qs padsns qoumzbring their skill sets into thei new grops, she and her colleagues lked at data previously collctdby other eearch groups atS edy sites in Afica and included infomation about what tools, f any,us a kind of time machin into the way culture has bee tansmited (传播) acrosschimpanzees,” saysWhiten.Some chimpanzees used complex tools,for example a drilling stick and a fishing brush forhunting. The researchers found the chimpanzees with the most advanced tool sets were three tofive timesmore likely to share the same DNA as those that used simple tools orno tools at all eventhough thcy might livc thousands of kilomctes away And advancd tool use was also more stonglyassociated with female migration compared with simple or no tool uso."Our interpretation is that these complex tool scts are really invented by perhaps building on asimpler form from before, and thcrcforc thcy have to dopcnd on transmission by females from themunities that invented them initially to the other comnunities,” says Whiten. “It shows thatcomplex tools would rcly on social cxchangcs acrossgroupswhich is very surprising and exciting."says Gunasekaram.英语试题第7页 (共12页)Eo省存网盘页面管理转Word笔记标注